[Marisa Ross]

Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices where data is stored permanently and cannot be electronically modified after manufacturing. BIOS/UEFI can provide better security to protect against bootkit attacks, speed up the startup process, support drives larger than 2.2 TB, use a boot manager instead of a boot sector, enable network booting via the pre-boot execution environment, and run standalone UEFI applications like operating system loaders. These standalone applications can be developed and installed independently of the system manufacturer. Security features in the BIOS/UEFI menu may include Secure Boot, Trusted Platform Module, hard drive encryption, BIOS/UEFI passwords, and LoJack. Random access memory (RAM) is temporary storage used by the operating system and applications to pass data to the CPU for processing. DDR memory, based on SDRAM technology, uses the memory bus clock signal to synchronize with the system bus and sends data on both the rising and falling edges of the clock signal, allowing it to transfer two pieces of data per cycle. In contrast, SDRAM only sends data on the rising edge, processing half as much data as DDR. The main differences between DDR versions are their transfer rates and maximum capacity per memory module.