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The C)ISSO course/certification has been validated by the NSA for: CNSSI-4012, National Information Assurance Training Standard for Senior System Managers and NSTISSI - 4011, National Training Standard for Information Systems Security (INFOSEC).
The C)ISSO course is designed for a forward-thinking cyber security professional or consultant that manages or plays a key role in an organization’s information security department.
The C)ISSO addresses a broad range of industry best practices, knowledge and skill sets expected of a security leader. The Candidate will learn both the theory and the requirements for practical implementation of core cyber security concepts,policies,practices, monitoring and compliance. Through the use of a risk-based approach the C)ISSO is able to implement and maintain cost-effective cyber security controls that are closely aligned with business requirements.
The Certified Information Systems Security Officer was a direct initiative of the DND – Department of Defense of Canada in cooperation with the DOD – Department of Defense of the United States. Defined in in this dual initiative titled CANUS CDISM MOU - ID#: 1974100118 found at:
http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/111449.pdf
In the CANUS CDISM MOU it states the following:
A. The CDRSN National Information System Security Officer (ISSO) is the focal point for all security issues pertaining to this network.
B. The Director Information Management Security (DIMSECUR) is the DND authority for security assessment of the CDRSN, including the approval of Interim Authority to Process (IAP) and Authority to Communicate.
With these initiatives in mind, Mile2 created a certification for the ISSO called Certified ISSO.
"The Certified Information Systems Security Officer training and certification program prepares and certifies individuals to analyze an organization's information security threats and risks, and design a security program to mitigate these risks. ISSO’s will be proficient in risk analysis, risk mitigation, application security, network security, operations security and business continuity."
Whether you are a responsible for the management of an Cyber Security team, a Security Officer, an IT auditor or a Business Analyst the Certified Information Security Officer – C)ISSO course is an ideal way to increase your knowledge, expertise and skill.
The C)ISSO course, and subsequent examination, is the most up to date, practical and effective program available in the world today. The C)ISSO program is closely aligned with the leading standards of ISO27001, NIST, CISM® and the 2012 CISSP® CBK® exam objectives. But it excels by providing a well-rounded and comprehensive overview of each topic area without being restricted to a single model or conceptual approach.
The C)ISSO course focuses on information systems security, not information technology security. The fact is that many participants are technological experts in their own right, be it network operations, storage management systems, database administration, etc. They don't need to be told what an MPLS network is, or the advantages of fiber over copper coaxial, etc. What they do need is a mind-set change.
How to think 'big-picture' instead of 'vertical silo'.
How deep principles within each domain interconnect into a whole.
How to view an area of responsibility through the lens of risk management.
How to perform a threat and risk analysis.
How to derive a residual risk position for your department, enterprise or client. While articulating the same as an organization, issue-specific or system policy, with advisory, regulatory or cyber security goals.
How to implement this policy through the right mix of physical, administrative and technical controls. While performing one or more of the six control services in a defense-in-depth enterprise security architecture.
The C)ISSO content is delivered within a proprietary 'Theory, Technique, Tool' delivery framework via a proprietary 'Discuss, Demonstrate, Do' action learning model. The 19 domains are full of theory, policies, practices and proceedures.
Take relational databases for example. Theoretically, a database must be normalized to at least 4 (out of 5) normal forms to qualify as a relational database. This is the minimum level consistency required to yield the functional benefits of the relational model for data organization. But no vendor has ever complied with this theoretical principle as the performance overhead required to do so is too high. Understanding the differences between relational database theory, and the techniques used by vendors to develop their products (tools) automatically explains 80% of the constant vulnerabilities we see in commercial and government databases.
This knowledge leads to a logical choice of compensating deterrent, preventive, detective, recovery, and corrective controls to govern access to relational data repositories. Mile2 is able to create learning labs where the theory is discussed, and the techniques demonstrated, with participants actively exploring (do) the 'vulnerabilities-within-the-gap'. As well as the natural, man-made and/or technical threats that can exploit these vulnerabilities. Leading to non-disaster, disaster and/or catastrophic impact levels, the likelihood thereof, and select the right mix of controls to mitigate these risks.
Thousands of students from around the world have actively learned the risk management mind-set by taking this Mile2 C)ISSO course.
Module 1: Risk Management
Module 2: Security Management
Module 3: Identification and Authentication
Module 4: Access Control
Module 5: Security Models and Evaluation Criteria
Module 6: Operations Security
Module 7: Symmetric Cryptography and Hashing
Module 8: Asymmetric Cryptography and PKI
Module 9: Network Connections
Module 10: Network Protocols and Devices
Module 11: Telephony, VPNs and Wireless
Module 12: Security Architecture and Attacks
Module 13: Software Development Security
Module 14: Database Security and System Development
Module 15: Malware and Software Attacks
Module 16: Business Continuity
Module 17: Disaster Recovery
Module 18: Incident Management, Law, and Ethics
Module 19: Physical Security
DETAILED MODULE DESCRIPTION
Module 1 - Risk Management
What Is the Value of an Asset?
What Is a Threat Source/Agent?
What Is a Threat?
What Is a Vulnerability?
Examples of Some Vulnerabilities that Are Not Always Obvious
What Is a Control?
What Is Likelihood?
What Is Impact?
Control Effectiveness
Risk Management
Purpose of Risk Management
Risk Assessment
Why Is Risk Assessment Difficult?
Types of Risk Assessment
Different Approaches to Analysis
Quantitative Analysis
ALE Values Uses
Qualitative Analysis - Likelihood
Qualitative Analysis - Impact
Qualitative Analysis – Risk Level
Qualitative Analysis Steps
Management’s Response to Identified Risks
Comparing Cost and Benefit
Cost of a Countermeasure
Module 2 - Security Management
Enterprise Security Program
Building A Foundation
Planning Horizon Components
Enterprise Security – The Business Requirements
Enterprise Security Program Components
Control Types
“Soft” Controls
Technical or Logical Controls
Physical Controls
Security Roadmap
Senior Management’s Role in Security
Negligence and Liability
Security Roles and Responsibilities
Security Program Components
Security and the Human Factors
Employee Management
Human Resources Issues
Importance to Security?
Recruitment Issues
Termination of Employment
Informing Employees
About Security
Enforcement
Security Enforcement Issues
Module 3 - Authentication
Agenda
Access Control Methodology
Access Control Administration
Accountability and Access Control
Trusted Path
Who Are You?
Authentication Mechanisms
Strong Authentication
Authorization
Access Criteria
Fraud Controls
Access Control Mechanisms
Agenda
Biometrics Technology
Biometrics Enrollment Process
Downfalls to Biometric Use
Biometrics Error Types
Biometrics Diagram
Biometric System Types
Agenda
Passwords and PINs
Password “Shoulds”
Password Attacks
Countermeasures for Password Cracking
Cognitive Passwords
One-Time Password Authentication
Agenda
Synchronous Token
Asynchronous Token Device
Cryptographic Keys
Passphrase Authentication
Memory Cards
Smart Card
Agenda
Single Sign-on Technology
Different Technologies
Scripts as a Single Sign-on Technology
Directory Services as a Single Sign-on Technology
Thin Clients
Kerberos as a Single Sign-on Technology
Tickets
Kerberos Components Working Together
Major Components of Kerberos
Kerberos Authentication Steps
Why Go Through All of this Trouble?
Issues Pertaining to Kerberos
SESAME as a Single Sign-on Technology
Federated Authentication
Agenda
IDS
Network IDS Sensors
Types of IDSs
Behavior-Based IDS
IDS Response Mechanisms
IDS Issues
Trapping an Intruder
Module 4 - Access Control
Role of Access Control
Definitions
More Definitions
Layers of Access Control
Layers of Access Controls
Access Control Mechanism Examples
Access Control Characteristics
Preventive Control Types
Control Combinations
Administrative Controls
Controlling Access
Other Ways of Controlling Access
Technical Access Controls
Physical Access Controls
Accountability
Information Classification
Information Classification Criteria
Declassifying Information
Types of Classification Levels
Models for Access
Discretionary Access Control Model
Enforcing a DAC Policy
Mandatory Access Control Model
MAC Enforcement Mechanism – Labels
Where Are They Used?
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
Acquiring Rights and Permissions
Rule-Based Access Control
Access Control Matrix
Access Control Administration
Access Control Methods
Remote Centralized Administration
RADIUS Characteristics
RADIUS
TACACS+ Characteristics
Diameter Characteristics
Decentralized Access
Control Administration
Module 5 - Security Models and Evaluation Criteria
System Protection – Trusted Computing Base
System Protection– Reference Monitor
Security Kernel Requirements
Security Modes of Operation
System Protection– Levels of Trust
System Protection– Process Isolation
System Protection – Layering
System Protection - Application Program Interface
System Protection- Protection Rings
What Does It Mean to Be in a Specific Ring?
Security Models
State Machine
Information Flow
Bell-LaPadula
Rules of Bell-LaPadula
Biba
Clark-Wilson Model
Non-interference Model
Brewer and Nash – Chinese Wall
Take-Grant Model
Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC)
TCSEC Rating Breakdown
Evaluation Criteria - ITSEC
ITSEC Ratings
ITSEC – Good and Bad
Common Criteria
Common Criteria Components
First Set of Requirements
Second Set of Requirements
Package Ratings
Common Criteria Outline
Certification vs. Accreditation
Module 6 - Operations Security
Operations Issues
Role of Operations
Administrator Access
Computer Operations – Systems Administrators
Security Administrator
Operational Assurance
Audit and Compliance
Some Threats to Computer Operations
Specific Operations Tasks
Product Implementation Concerns
Logs and Monitoring
Records Management
Change Control
Resource Protection
Contingency Planning
System Controls
Trusted Recovery
Fault-Tolerance Mechanisms
Duplexing, Mirroring, Check Pointing
Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID)
Fault Tolerance
Redundancy Mechanism
Backups
Backup Types
Remote Access
Facsimile Security
Email Security
Before Carrying Out Vulnerability Testing
Vulnerability Assessments
Methodology
Penetration Testing
Penetration Testing
Hack and Attack Strategies
Protection Mechanism – Honeypot
Threats to Operations
Data Leakage – Social Engineering
Data Leakage – Object Reuse
Object Reuse
Why Not Just Delete File or Format the Disk?
Data Leakage – Keystroke Logging
Data Leakage – Emanation
Controlling Data Leakage – TEMPEST
Controlling Data Leakage – Control Zone
Controlling Data Leakage – White Noise
Summary
Module 7 - Symmetric Cryptography and Hashing
Cryptography Objectives
Cryptographic Definitions
A Few More Definitions
Need Some More Definitions?
Symmetric Cryptography – Use of Secret Keys
Cryptography Uses Yesterday and Today
Historical Uses of Symmetric Cryptography
Historical Uses of Symmetric Cryptography – Scytale Cipher
Historical Uses of Symmetric Cryptography: Substitution Cipher
Caesar Cipher Example
Historical Uses of Symmetric Cryptography: Vigenere Cipher
Polyalphabetic Substitution
Vigenere Table Example
Example Continued
Historical Uses of Symmetric Cryptography: Enigma Machine
Historical Uses of Symmetric Cryptography: Vernam Cipher
Historical Uses of Symmetric Cryptography: Running Key and Concealment
One-Time Pad Characteristics
Binary Mathematical Function
Key and Algorithm Relationship
Why Does a 128-Bit Key Provide More Protection than a 64-Bit Key?
Ways of Breaking Cryptosystems – Brute Force
Ways of Breaking Cryptosystems – Frequency Analysis
Determining Strength in a Cryptosystem
Characteristics of Strong Algorithms
Open or Closed More Secure?
Types of Ciphers Used Today
Encryption/Decryption Methods
Type of Symmetric Cipher – Block Cipher
S-Boxes Used in Block Ciphers
Type of Symmetric Cipher – Stream Cipher
Encryption Process
Symmetric Characteristics
Sender and Receiver Must Generate the Same Keystream
They both must have the same key and IV
Strength of a Stream Cipher
Let’s Dive in Deeper
Symmetric Key Cryptography
Symmetric Key Management Issue
Symmetric Algorithm Examples
Symmetric Downfalls
Secret Versus Session Keys
Symmetric Ciphers We Will Dive Into
Symmetric Algorithms – DES
Evolution of DES
Block Cipher Modes – CBC
Different Modes of Block Ciphers – ECB
Block Cipher Modes – CFB and OFB
CFB and OFB Modes
Symmetric Cipher – AES
Other Symmetric Algorithms
Hashing Algorithms
Protecting the Integrity of Data
Data Integrity Mechanisms
Weakness in Using Only Hash Algorithms
More Protection in Data Integrity
MAC – Sender
MAC – Receiver
Security Issues in Hashing
Birthday Attack
Example of a Birthday Attack
Module 8 - Asymmetric Cryptography and PKI
Asymmetric Cryptography
Public Key Cryptography Advantages
Asymmetric Algorithm Disadvantages
Symmetric versus Asymmetric
Asymmetric
Asymmetric Algorithm – Diffie-Hellman
Asymmetric Algorithm – RSA
Asymmetric Algorithms – El Gamal and ECC
Example of Hybrid Cryptography
When to Use Which Key
Using the Algorithm Types Together
Digital Signatures
Digital Signature and MAC Comparison
What if You Need All of the Services?
U.S. Government Standard
Why Do We Need a PKI?
PKI and Its Components
CA and RA Roles
Let’s Walk Through an Example
Digital Certificates
What Do You Do with a Certificate?
Components of PKI – Repository and CRLs
Steganography
Key Management
Link versus End-to-End Encryption
End-to-End Encryption
E-mail Standards
Encrypted message
Secure Protocols
SSL and the OSI Model
SSL Hybrid Encryption
SSL Connection Setup
Secure E-mail Standard
SSH Security Protocol
Network Layer Protection
IPSec Key Management
Key Issues Within IPSec
IPSec Handshaking Process
SAs in Use
IPSec Is a Suite of Protocols
IPSec Modes of Operation
IPsec Modes of Operation
Attacks on Cryptosystems
More Attacks
Module 9 - Network Connections
Network Topologies– Physical Layer
Topology Type – Bus
Topology Type – Ring
Topology Type – Star
Network Topologies – Mesh
Summary of Topologies
LAN Media Access Technologies
One Goal of Media Access Technologies
Transmission Types – Analog and Digital
Transmission Types – Synchronous and Asynchronous
Transmission Types – Baseband and Broadband
Two Types of Carrier Sense Multiple Access
Transmission Types– Number of Receivers
Media Access Technologies - Ethernet
Media Access Technologies – Token Passing
Media Access Technologies – Polling
Cabling
Signal and Cable Issues
Cabling Types – Coaxial
Cabling Types – Twisted Pair
Types of Cabling – Fiber
Cabling Issues – Plenum-Rated
Types of Networks
Network Technologies
Network Technologies
Network Configurations
MAN Technologies – SONET
Wide Area Network Technologies
WAN Technologies Are Circuit or Packet Switched
WAN Technologies – ISDN
ISDN Service Types
WAN Technologies – DSL
WAN Technologies– Cable Modem
WAN Technologies– Packet Switched
WAN Technologies – X.25
WAN Technologies – Frame Relay
WAN Technologies – ATM
Multiplexing
Module 10 - Network Protocols and Devices
OSI Model
An Older Model
Data Encapsulation
OSI – Application Layer
OSI – Presentation Layer
OSI – Session Layer
Transport Layer
OSI – Network Layer
OSI – Data Link
OSI – Physical Layer
Protocols at Each Layer
Devices Work at Different Layers
Networking Devices
Repeater
Hub
Bridge
Switch
Virtual LAN
Router
Gateway
Bastion Host
Firewalls
Firewall – First line of defense
Firewall Types – Packet Filtering
Firewall Types – Proxy Firewalls
Firewall Types – Circuit-Level Proxy Firewall
Type of Circuit- Level Proxy – SOCKS
Firewall Types – Application-Layer Proxy
Firewall Types – Stateful
Firewall Types – Dynamic Packet-Filtering
Firewall Types – Kernel Proxies
Firewall Placement
Firewall Architecture Types – Screened Host
Firewall Architecture Types – Multi- or Dual-Homed
Firewall Architecture Types – Screened Subnet
IDS – Second line of defense
IPS – Last line of defense?
HIPS
Unified Threat Management
UMT Product Criteria
Protocols
TCP/IP Suite
Port and Protocol
Relationship
Conceptual Use of Ports
UDP versus TCP
Protocols – ARP
Protocols – ICMP
Protocols – SNMP
Protocols – SMTP
Protocols – FTP, TFTP, Telnet
Protocols – RARP and BootP
Network Service – DNS
Network Service – NAT
Module 11 - Telephony, VPNs and Wireless
PSTN
Remote Access
Dial-Up Protocols and Authentication
Protocols
Dial-Up Protocol – SLIP
Dial-Up Protocol – PPP
Authentication Protocols – PAP and CHAP
Authentication Protocol – EAP
Voice Over IP
Private Branch Exchange
PBX Vulnerabilities
PBX Best Practices
Virtual Private
Network Technologies
What Is a Tunnelling Protocol?
Tunnelling Protocols – PPTP
Tunnelling Protocols – L2TP
Tunnelling Protocols – IPSec
IPSec - Network Layer Protection
IPSec
IPSec
SSL/TLS
Wireless Technologies– Access Point
Standards Comparison
Wireless Network Topologies
Wi-Fi Network Types
Wireless Technologies – Access Point
Wireless Technologies – Service Set ID
Wireless Technologies – Authenticating to an AP
Wireless Technologies – WEP
WEP
Wireless Technologies –
More WEP Woes
Weak IV Packets
More WEP Weaknesses
How WPA Improves on WEP
How WPA Improves on WEP
TKIP
The WPA MIC Vulnerability
802.11i – WPA2
WPA and WPA2 Mode Types
WPA-PSK Encryption
Wireless Technologies – WAP
Wireless Technologies – WTLS
Wireless Technologies – Common Attacks
Wireless Technologies – War Driving
Kismet
Wireless Technologies – Countermeasures
Network Based Attacks
ARP Attack
DDoS Issues
Man-in-the Middle
Traceroute Operation
Module 12 - Security Architecture and Attacks
ESA Definition…
What is Architecture?
Architecture Components
Key Architecture Concepts - Plan
Objectives of Security Architecture
Technology Domain Modeling
Integrated Security is Designed Security
Security by Design
Architectural Models
Virtual Machines
Cloud Computing
Memory Types
Virtual Memory
Memory Management
Accessing Memory Securely
Different States that Processes Work In
System Functionality
Types of Compromises
Disclosing Data in an Unauthorized Manner
Circumventing Access Controls
Attacks
Attack Type – Race Condition
Attack Type - Data Validation
Attacking Through Applications
How Buffers and Stacks Are Supposed to Work
How a Buffer Overflow Works
Attack Characteristics
Attack Types
More Attacks
Host Name Resolution Attacks
More Attacks (2)
Watching Network Traffic
Traffic Analysis
Cell Phone Cloning
Illegal Activities
Module 13 - Software Development Security
How Did We Get Here?
Device vs. Software Security
Why Are We Not Improving at a Higher Rate?
Usual Trend of Dealing with Security
Where to Implement Security
The Objective
Security of Embedded Systems
Development Methodologies
Maturity Models
Security Issues
OWASP Top Ten (2011)
Modularity of Objects
Object-Oriented Programming Characteristic
Module Characteristics
Linking Through COM
Mobile Code with Active Content
World Wide Web OLE
ActiveX Security
Java and Applets
Common Gateway Interface
How CGI Scripts Work
Cookies
PCI Requirements
Virtualization - Type 1
Virtualization – Type 2
Module 14 - Database Security and System Development
Database Model
Database Models – Hierarchical
Database Models – Distributed
Database Models – Relational
Database Systems
Database Models – Relational Components
Foreign Key
Database Component
Database Security Mechanisms
Database Data Integrity Controls
Add-On Security
Database Security Issues
Controlling Access
Database Integrity
Data Warehousing
Data Mining
Artificial Intelligence
Expert System Components
Artificial Neural Networks
Software Development Models
Project Development – Phases III, IV, and V
Project Development–Phases VI and VII
Verification versus Validation
Evaluating the Resulting Product
Controlling How Changes Take Place
Change Control Process
Administrative Controls
Malware
Virus
More Malware
Rootkits and Backdoors
DDoS Attack Types
Escalation of Privilege
Protect against privilege escalation
DDoS Issues
DDoS
Buffer Overflow Definition
Overflow Illustration
Mail Bombing
E-Mail Links
Phishing
Spear Phishing
Replay Attack
Cross-Site Scripting Attack
Timing Attacks
More Advanced Attacks
Summary
Module 15 – Malware and Software Attacks
Malware
Virus
More Malware
Rootkits and Backdoors
DDoS Attack Types
Escalation of Privilege
DDoS Issues
DDoS
Buffer Overflow Definition
Overflow Illustration
Buffer Overflows
Mail Bombing
E-Mail Links
Phishing
Spear Phishing
Replay Attack
Cross-Site Scripting Attack
Timing Attacks
More Advanced Attacks
Summary
Module 16 - Business Continuity
Phases of Plan
Who Is Ready?
Pieces of the BCP
BCP Development
Where Do We Start?
Why Is BCP a Hard Sell to Management?
Understanding the Organization
Critical products and services
Dependencies
Supply chain
Between departments
Personnel
Information
Equipment
Facilities
BCP Committee
BCP Risk Analysis
Identify Vulnerabilities and Threats
Categories
How to Identify the Most Critical Company Functions
Loss Criteria
Interdependencies
Identifying Functions’ Resources
How Long Can the Company Be Without These Resources?
Calculating MTD
Recovery Point Objective
Calculation of maximum data loss
Determines backup strategy
Defines the most current state of data upon recovery
Recovery Strategies
Based on the results of the BIA
May be different for each department
Must be less than MTD
Sets the RTO
What Items Need to Be Considered in a Recovery?
Facility Backups – Hot Site
Facility Backups – Warm Site
Facility Backups – Cold Site
Compatibility Issues with Offsite Facility
Which Do We Use?
Choosing Offsite Services
Subscription Costs
Choosing Site Location
Other Offsite Approaches
BCP Plans Commonly and Quickly Become Out of Date
Summary
Module 17 - Disaster Recovery
Proper Planning
Executive Succession Planning
Preventing a Disaster
Preventive Measures
Backup/Redundancy Options
Disk Shadowing
Backing Up Over Telecommunication
Serial Lines
HSM
SAN
Co-Location
Other Options
Review - Results from the BIA
Review - Results from
Recovery Strategy
Now What?
Priorities
Plan Objectives
Defining Roles
The Plan
Recovery
Return to Normal Operations
Environment
Operational Planning
Emergency Response
Reviewing Insurance
When Is the Danger Over?
Now What?
Testing and Drills
Types of Tests to Choose From
What Is Success?
Summary
Module 18 - Incident Management, Law, and Ethics
Seriousness of Computer Crimes
Incidents
Incident Management Priorities
Incident Response Capability
Incident Management Requires
Preparing for a Crime Before It Happens
Incident Response Phases
Types of Law
Foundational Concepts of Law
Common Laws – Criminal
Common Laws – Civil
Common Laws – Administrative
Intellectual Property Laws
More Intellectual Property Laws
Software Licensing
Digital Millennium Copyright Act
Historic Examples of Computer Crimes
Who Perpetrates These Crimes?
The Evolving Threat
Types of Motivation for Attacks
A Few Attack Types
Telephone Fraud
Identification Protection & Prosecution
Computer Crime and Its Barriers
Countries Working Together
Security Principles for International Use
Determine if a Crime Has Indeed Been Committed
When Should Law Enforcement Get Involved?
Citizen versus Law Enforcement Investigation
Investigation of Any Crime
Role of Evidence in a Trial
General Rules for Evidence
Evidence Requirements
Evidence Collection Topics
Chain of Custody
How Is Evidence Processed?
Evidence Types
Hearsay Rule Exception
Privacy of Sensitive Data
Privacy Issues – U.S. Laws as Examples
European Union Principles on Privacy
Routing Data Through Different Countries
Employee Privacy Issues
Computer Forensics
Trying to Trap the Bad Guy
Companies Can Be Found Liable
Sets of Ethics
Ethics – mile2
Ethics – Computer Ethics Institute
Ethics – Internet Architecture Board
GAISP- Generally Accepted Information Security Principles
Module 19 - Physical Security
Physical Security – Threats
Different Types of Threats & Planning
Facility Site Selection
Facility Construction
Devices Will Fail
Controlling Access
Possible Threats
External Boundary Protection
Lock Types
Facility Access
Piggybacking
Securing Mobile Devices
Entrance Protection
Perimeter Protection – Fencing
Perimeter Protection – Lighting
Perimeter Security – Security Guards
Surveillance/Monitoring
Types of Physical IDS
Electro-Mechanical Sensors
Volumetric Sensors
Facility Attributes
Electrical Power
Problems with Steady Power Current
Power Interference
Power Preventive Measures
Environmental Considerations
Fire Prevention
Automatic Detector Mechanisms
Fire Detection
Fire Types
Suppression Methods
Fire Extinguishers
Fire Suppression
Fire Extinguishers
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