When examining the challenges of different network topologies, two common examples are bus topology and star topology. A bus topology is simple and inexpensive to set up, but it has some issues. If the main cable breaks, the entire network can stop working. Additionally, because all devices share the same cable, it is easier for someone to see or steal data. A security officer can help by ensuring the cable is checked regularly, repairing any damage promptly, and using basic encryption to protect the data on the cable.

A star topology performs better, but it also has a significant weakness. All devices connect to a central switch or hub. If that main device fails, the entire network can go down. To minimize this risk, the security officer can ensure the switch is kept in a secure room, updated frequently, and monitored with appropriate tools. They can also implement a backup switch to keep the network running if something goes wrong. These steps help the company prevent major problems.