[Trae Johnson]

In computer networking, there are several basic protocols that work together to offer seamless communication among devices. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), Internet Protocol (IP), and Domain Name System (DNS) are three of the most basic protocols. TCP offers guaranteed, sequenced, and error-checked data transfer. It is connection-oriented, i.e., it establishes a trustworthy connection before transferring information, which is crucial for applications like browsing the web, email, and file transfer (Forouzan, 2017). IP, on the other hand, is responsible for addressing and forwarding data packets between devices on different networks such that each packet reaches its destination with the assistance of unique IP addresses (Kurose & Ross, 2021). DNS is a directory service that translates the readable domain names such as http://www.google.com into IP addresses computers utilize to locate one another in the network (Mitchell, 2021).

As an example, in a real-world example, these protocols communicate with each other when visiting a website. If someone enters a website’s URL in the browser, for example, DNS translates the domain name into an IP address. Next, based on IP, the call is routed to the correct server that holds the website. Finally, TCP ensures web page information is sent back to the client’s device correctly, reassembling it to be viewed correctly. This joint process happens instantaneously and silently, providing gliding and economical access to the internet.

References:
Forouzan, B. A. (2017). Data communications and networking (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.

Kurose, J. F., & Ross, K. W. (2021). Computer networking: A top-down approach (8th ed.). Pearson.

Mitchell, B. (2021). How DNS works. Lifewire. https://www.lifewire.com/how-dns-works-5189811